The so-called development level of domestic robots mainly refers to the technical level.

        It is impractical to simply make a judgment of how many years are different. In fact, the issue of the development level of robots should be analyzed from the following aspects.

I. Control system

Control chip and basic software

        In terms of the control system chip and basic software used, robots around the world are not much different even if they are expanded to control products. Even the system chip and basic software used by Chinese control system developers are better than those adopted by foreign brands. Chip or basic software. The reason is very simple, because the development of foreign products is relatively early, and the technologies used by domestic brands are relatively new.

2. Robot operating system

        After years of technological accumulation, foreign robots often form their own underlying robot operating systems (hardware-based robot control software systems). Many foreign second-tier brands are not necessarily, many are based on common real-time operating systems, such as VxWorks, linux + rtruntime, and so on. China has not been able to complete technological breakthroughs in this regard. Basically, it is the third-party real-time kernel operating system used, and the most common is to tailor linux. This shows that the accumulation of domestic robot R & D manufacturers is not very sufficient, but it cannot be said that the technology used is backward.

3. Robot algorithms and underlying driver software

        The basic theories used in this regard are exactly the same throughout the world. However, with the development of artificial intelligence technology, many foreign manufacturers have applied artificial intelligence technology to robotic products, but we have not yet reached this step. From a purely technical point of view, the dating of robots is divided into three stages (see the article of Academician Jiang Xinsong in the first issue of the first volume of Robot Magazine): the first generation is called a teaching and reproducing robot; the second generation is a combination of perception Technical robots; the third generation is cognitive robots.

         Domestic robot technology basically covers the first generation of industrial robots; when domestic industrial robots can already use robots with vision and force sensing technologies, they can be called second-generation industrial robots. Domestic industrial robots are basically in this era; foreign robots such as fanuc have been able to use deep learning algorithms to automatically learn the robot‘s behavior and continuously adjust its own behavior. This is the application of cognitive technology to robots. Regarding this technology, domestic robots have not been able to reach it yet.

4. In terms of robotic process software development

        The robot is actually a software product, and process-related software development is the key to determining whether the robot is easy to use.

        What is process related software? For example, people have heads, brains and limbs. What is different between people? It ’s because our minds are different. Some people learn welding technology and know the welding process and become welding technicians. Some people do n’t understand it, but he will move bricks and become a porter. This is how people adapt Sex. For robots, the adaptability of these processes is expressed through software. That is process software, welding software for industrial robots and so on.

       The development of process-related software is the biggest disadvantage of domestic robots. The reason is simple. The major foreign robot brands have accumulated over half a century. The understanding of the process and the optimization of functions are not what we say to catch up. Therefore, we see that even foreign second-tier brands, such as OTC, Comau, and Dürr, have mainly won the market in a certain process area. Therefore, when talking about the breakthrough of Chinese robot brands, I have always emphasized that it is necessary to make a breakthrough in a certain technological field to occupy a certain industry to find a way out.

2. Driving system

 

       In terms of driving systems, the biggest problem for domestic robots is that they can not be integrated with the control system. They are not designed and implemented. The driver is sold to the robot manufacturer. The controller of the robot manufacturer is often bought. From the perspective of integrated design of driving and control, Many control channels and mathematical models are difficult to implement.

This is not a problem of the control device and the driving device itself, it is a problem of the control method, and these problems are also in software. It still comes down to software issues.

Three. The so-called reducer problem

        I think there is no problem in this regard, even the largest robots in the world use Nabotsk reducers.

       If Nabotsk‘s reducers are used all over the world and do not feel that they have not mastered the core technology of robots, then domestic robots do not have to worry about this problem.

4. Problems with the motor

   

       This is not a problem of domestic robots. For domestic robot manufacturers, it is a problem of robot output. Due to the small output of robots, domestic robot manufacturers often do not yet have the conditions to customize motors based on the robot‘s power requirements, because when the batch size is small, the cost of custom motors is too high.

        When using a general-purpose motor, the parameters of the motor‘s inertia, current, and torque output are often not optimized, so we see that domestic robots use more motors than foreign motors in order to meet maximum load and speed parameters Bigger.

        Another disadvantage is that the load-to-weight ratio of the robot will further increase.

 

V. Mechanical body

    

 The main body of the machine needs to analyze two aspects.

 Material The grades of materials used are basically similar now. For example, cast aluminum generally uses American Standard A356, or the corresponding national standard grades, such as ZL101 or ZL101A, etc .; large robot articulated arms generally use ductile cast iron. And in addition to funac, other major brands of robots have basically achieved localization;

 2. Design and machining process. Mechanical design is a visible part, which can be basically solved through imitation research. But there are still some questions about what to know. For example, the most common problems in machinery: oil leakage, oil seal design, transmission clearance, mechanical stiffness, etc.

 

Six. Robot production process and quality control

    

 

       This is a relatively short board for domestic robotics companies. Due to the small batch size, it is difficult to achieve assembly lines and standardized production models. The process reliability mainly depends on the technical level of skilled workers. Now there are fewer artisans in our big country, and the frontline production is all young people. Under the condition that the standardized production process and technology are not very complete, the quality consistency will be worse.